Mindanao Approximate Grid Model

Here is your Mindanao Approximate Grid Model.

Mindanao Approximate Grid Model in PowerWorld

In coming up with the Mindanao model, I still followed the procedure I have developed in this post, with the following diversions:

•  The transformers’ rating in this model are assumed, I can’t find any public information on the grid transformer ratings.
•  The transmission lines’ ratings were assumed to be 100 MVA for the 69 kV lines, 215 MVA for the 138 kV lines (consistent with the Visayas modeling) and 300 MVA for the 230 kV lines.
•  There is no publicly available for demand allocation for the Mindanao model. For this approximate model, the load distribution was based on the population of each region (group of provinces) from this Wikipedia page (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mindanao). I started with having 1200 MW of load and partitioned it per percentage population where the load substations are located.
•  The network configuration was derived using the following data rich public sources:

1.  TDP 2011: Consultation Draft Volume 2 Part 1  (http://www.ngcp.ph/documents/2011_TDP_Volume_2_Part_1_(consultation_draft).pdf) – contains system with detailed provincial boundaries
2.  MINDANAO PUBCON PRESENTATION Volume 1 (Major Network Development)  (http://www.ngcp.ph/documents/Mindanao_PubCon_Presentation_Vol.I_(Major_Network_Development).pdf) – contains significant network expansion specially 230 kV and 138 kV interconnects with given distances.
3. Map of Mindanao grid of yesteryears from Nick Nichols (http://asianenergyadvisors.com/2007/10/29/eyeballing-the-mindanao-disturbance/ ) – a clear figure for the transmission lines’ right-of-way.
4. Pictures of parts of Mindanao single line diagram, somewhat posted in the internet (http://www.cityofwaterfalls-iligancity.com/2012/03/lapocof-bares-root-cause-of-brownouts.html#.UE_Ac41lQUo).

•  The generation profile was derived from “Mindanao Power Situation” (http://www.doe.gov.ph/Mindanao%20Power%20Situation/Mindanao%20Power%20Situation%20-%2013%20April%202012.pdf) – contains the dependable generation capacity for peak and off-peak periods.
•  Another Mindanao generation profile used, specifically the location of the power plants, was again from Nick Nichols’ data at EditGrid (http://www.editgrid.com/user/nicknich3/DOE_List_of_Philippine_Power_Plants.html)
• The branch impedances were derived using the table, from “Probabilistic Transmission Planning” book, in this post except for the line charging which were assumed.
•  I had to massage the shunt compensation and load data (at the radial part of Caraga region) to come up with acceptable level of voltages.

Again, this is an approximate model and does not attempt to replicate what NGCP or WESM is using and the model is developed for educational and research purposes. There is no publicly available Mindanao grid model to benchmark this approximate model.

Again, a big gigantic thanks to PowerWorld for the very user-friendly and very visually attractive tool.

You can download the Mindanao approximate network model here, if you bump into a dead link, please drop me an email.

Kundur Two-Area Test System

Kundur's two-area test system, from Prabha Kundur's book "Power System Stability and Control", is a power system utilized mostly for testing dynamics of solving stability issues.  Most researchers and engineers worked on this system to analyzed HVDC and FACTS impact on the transient stability. Other works were focused on small signal stability effect of such devices and/or Power System Stabilizers (PSS).

Single-line diagram of the Kundur two-area system.

The left part of the system is Area 1 and right part is Area 2. The ties (lines between buses 7, 8 and 9) are 110 km long thus the interconnection is rather not strong.

The system has dynamic data for the four machines and their exciters and stabilizers, aside from the power flow data. I took the power flow and dynamics data from "Implementation of an Adaptive Controller for Controlled Series Compensators in PSS/E". I adjusted the tie lines' data since the paper indicates that the lines were 150 km.

I will probably post power system dynamics tests using this system in the upcoming months (impact of PSS, critical clearing times, etc.).

You can download the test system built on PowerWorld v16 using this link.

PJM 5 Bus System

Yet, another test system.

Well, power system operations, planning and markets are tested on these systems. Before electricity market designs are put into production phase, they are tested on some test systems. One of the most popular test systems for economic studies is the PJM 5 bus system.

Mostly, studies on locational marginal pricing (LMP) and security constrained unit commitment or economic dispatch have been studied on this small system.

Two notable sources which detail the system’s characteristic and usage are the following:

·         Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP) Overview 

·         Small Test Systems for Power System Economic Studies 

Replicated the results of the constrained and unconstrained scenarios from the PJM website below. The unconstrained results show equal LMP across the system, while the constrained system provides higher level of demand and the transmission line limits cause the LMP to be different.

Unconstrained case.

Constrained case.

You can download the PJM 5 bus system here. Use PowerWorld to simulate the results and don’t forget to input for generation cost output model which I assumed it to be piecewise linear cost function and go to Case Information à OPF à Areas, under AGC status set to OPF. Under Run mode, do the Primal LP OPF solution to acquire the results.

Visayas Grid Approximate Model

I have developed the Visayas Grid approximate model using available public data following the procedure given in my approximate Luzon network model. For the Visayas model, I used the line parameters given in the book “Probabilistic Transmission Planning” as shown below.

The single-line diagram was posted previously at wesm.ph but not currently. Still, publicly, Nick Nichol’s website has it – link.

Again, this is approximate and does not attempt to replicate what NGCP or WESM is using. Nevertheless, this model can be utilized by electrical engineering instructors in teaching power systems, analysis and issues in the electric power industry. It can be useful for computer based laboratory exercises in power systems, transmission and distribution. It is useful for research for technical reports or thesis during senior year. If there are Filipino electrical engineering instructors open to discussing how to use this model, I am very willing to cooperate and we can do this via skype or google+.

Some notes on developing the Visayas grid model:

• The Visayas submarine cables are an important components together with the shunt reactors. Precise modeling of these components is not attempted.
• The nature of Visayas grid is that it is not a meshed power system but is a radial power system: from Leyte-Samar to Bohol and Cebu to Negros to Panay Island. This means power flow solution algorithm being used can be tricky unlike in meshed power systems like that of Luzon.
• Validating this model can be cumbersome, apply generation MW/cost bid parameters from wesm.ph and see if the locational marginal prices of this model and that of posted at wesm.ph matches up. If you would like to cooperate on this, I am open to doing it in PowerWorld. 

I’m not connected to PowerWorld, nor I’m endorsing it. It’s just that I am using it and because PowerWorld has practical power system applications like power flow, contingency analysis, shift factor calculations, optimal power flow, security constrained optimal power flow, short circuit analysis, and transient stability just to name a few. 

If you have questions or want the model, drop me an email at ebcano@gmail.com. Or download the model here.